Space Measurement
Polarization measurement for astronomical sources and remote sensing applications for looking back at the Earth are among the first applications developed using PEMs. The inventor and early champion of the PEM, Professor Jim Kemp, used the device to characterize polarization states of the sun.
These optical systems have been adapted by Hinds to telescopes or satellites, often in extreme environments such as remote telescope sites or space. One PEM device custom-designed for the aerospace industry has achieved NASA's technology readiness level (TRL 5). That PEM was ruggedized to withstand the vibrational stress of a launch.
Applications where the sun is the main light source, either directly or through reflection, usually involve measurement of linear polarization states only. This is due to the fact that reflection and scattering only induce these states.
SUGGESTED SYSTEMS
Stokes Polarimeters
Mueller Polarimeters
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