Repair Questions

My PEM is not providing stable retardation and/or there is noise if I look at my signal on an oscilloscope. What could be wrong?

There are several possibilities. A list of questions to begin troubleshooting is: What is your optical and electronic setup? What is the light source you are using and the wavelength or wavelengths (in particular, are you using a laser)? What detector are you using? When the PEM is operating, is the limit light off, on…

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